Cultivation of Fenugreek: Fenugreek It is a leafy medicinal crop. It is counted in spicy crops. Fenugreek (fenugreek) It is used in making vegetables, pickles and laddoos etc. Even though it may be bitter in taste, you will be surprised to know its medicinal properties. It is used to cure diseases like diabetes. Its fragrance is very good. if the farmer Fenugreek Cultivation Scientific Techniques do with, then they Fenugreek farming You can earn good profit from it.
So come on, this article Cultivation of Fenugreek (cultivation of fenugreek, Know in detail.
here first fenugreek plants Let’s know about.
Fenugreek (fenugreek) It is a plant of the Ligumnus family, which is smaller than 1 foot. Its leaves are used to make greens. Its seeds are used as spices. Minerals like sodium, zinc, phosphorus, folic acid, iron, calcium, magnesium, potassium, and vitamins A, B and C are also found in fenugreek seeds. Apart from this, nutrients like fibers, protein, starch, phosphoric acid are found in abundance in it. It is very beneficial in stomach related diseases. Consuming it gives relief in joint pain.
Its use is very beneficial in high blood pressure (high VP), diabetes and indigestion. Green fenugreek helps in reducing blood sugar. Thus it is consumed as a cure for many diseases. Be it green fenugreek or fenugreek seeds. Its consumption in both ways is helpful in keeping the body healthy.
Benefits of eating fenugreek
Fenugreek production in India
In our country, it is successfully cultivated in Punjab, Rajasthan, Delhi and all over northern India. Rajasthan and Gujarat are the major states producing the maximum fenugreek in the country. More than 80 percent of fenugreek is produced in Rajasthan. Fenugreek is mainly cultivated in the Rabi season, but in South India it is cultivated in the rainy season.
Climate required for fenugreek cultivation
The cool climate is good for fenugreek cultivation. Its crop has more frost tolerance than other crops.
Areas with average rainfall are suitable for its cultivation, it cannot be cultivated in areas with high rainfall.
soil useful for farming
Fenugreek can be cultivated in all types of soils, but clay soil with good drainage is more suitable for its cultivation. pH value of soil 6-7 Must be between
fenugreek cultivation time
In plains it can be sown from September to March and in hilly areas it can be sown from July to August.
if you cultivate it Bhaji (Greens) Sowing should be done at an interval of 8-10 days. So that fresh vegetables are available all the time. If you want to sow it for its seeds, then it can be sown till the end of November.
How to prepare for farming
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Prepare the field well before sowing fenugreek.
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For this, make the soil loose by plowing the field with the help of native plow or harrow.
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At the time of ploughing, apply FYM at the rate of 150 quintals per hectare.
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If there is a problem of termites in the field, then quinalphos (1.5 percent) or methyl parathion (2 percent powder) should be mixed in the field at the rate of 25 kg per hectare before planting. After this stir well.
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Its one acre sowing requires 12 kg of its seeds.
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Before sowing, soak the seeds in water for 8 to 12 hours. To protect the seeds from pests and diseases, treat with Thiram @ 4 gm and Carbendazim 50% WP @ 3 gm per kg of seeds.
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After chemical treatment, do seed treatment with Azospirillium 600 gm + Trichoderma viride 20 gm per acre to 12 kg of seeds.
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Mostly fenugreek is sown by sprinkling method. At the time of sowing, keep the row to row distance of 22.5 cm and sow the seeds at a depth of 3-4 cm on the bed.
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It is necessary to have moisture in the field at the time of sowing.
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Along with fenugreek crop, earning can also be done by growing radish in its ridge.
Fenugreek varieties and their characteristics
Many varieties of fenugreek are found in India. Many varieties have also been developed by agricultural research centers for higher yields.
Let us know about some advanced varieties by planting which you can earn more profit.
Pusa Kasuri Methi
This variety has been developed by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Delhi. This variety is mainly cultivated for green leaves. Its leaves are small and sickle shaped. It can be harvested 2-3 times. The specialty of this variety is that the flowers come late and are of yellow colour, which also have a special kind of fragrance. This variety takes about 5 months from sowing to seed production. Its average yield is 35-40 quintals per hectare.
RMT 305
RMT 305 is a dwarf variety of fenugreek. The beans of this variety mature quickly. The biggest specialty of this variety is that this variety does not appear to be powdery mildew disease and root knot nematode disease. Per hectare field yields up to 20-30 quintals.
Pusa Early Bunching
This early maturing variety of fenugreek has also been developed by ICAR. Its flowers come in bunches. It can be harvested 2-3 times. Its pods are 6-8 cm long. The seed of this variety gets ready in 4 months.
Hisar Sonali
Hisar Sonali is a very suitable variety for cultivation in Haryana, Rajasthan and surrounding areas. This variety is moderately tolerant to root rot and spot disease. This variety matures in 140 to 150 days after sowing. There is a yield of 30-40 quintals per hectare of land.
Kashmiri fenugreek
Most of the properties of Kashmiri variety of fenugreek are similar to Pusa early bunching variety, but it is 15 days late maturing variety, which tolerates more cold. Its flowers are white in color and the length of the pods is 6-8 cm. It is a good variety for hilly areas.
Hisar Suvarna
Developed by Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, this variety is good for both leaves and seeds. Its average yield is 16 quintals per hectare. Cercospora leaf spot disease does not appear in it. It is a very suitable variety for Haryana, Rajasthan and Gujarat. Apart from these varieties, improved fenugreek varieties RMT 1, RMT 143 and 365, Hisar Madhavi, Hisar Sonali and Prabha also give good yield.
Irrigation and Fertilizer Management in Fenugreek Cultivation
Like every crop, for good yield of fenugreek, its irrigation and fertilizer management needs special attention. Let us know some very important information about irrigation and fertilizer management. First of all, know the information about irrigation.
irrigation
Irrigate before sowing for early germination of seeds. For proper yield of fenugreek, apply three to four irrigations after 30, 75, 85, 105 days of sowing. Water deficit should not be allowed at the time of pod development and seed development as it causes heavy yield loss.
manure and fertilizers
- At the time of sowing, apply 5 kg Nitrogen (12 kg Urea), 8 kg Potassium (50 kg Super Phosphate) per acre.
- For good growth apply Triacontanol hormone 20ml after 15-20 days of germination. Mix and spray per 10 liters of water.
- Spray of NPK (19:19:19) @ 75 gm per 15 liters of water after 20 days of sowing also helps in good and rapid growth.
- To get good yield Brassinolide 50 ml. Spray 40-50 days after sowing by mixing 150 liters of water per acre.
- Do its second spray after 10 days. To protect against fog attack, take spray of Thiurea @ 150 gm/acre in 150 liters of water at 45 and 65 days after sowing.
weed control
Do first weeding after 25-30 days of sowing and second weeding after 30 days of first weeding. For chemical control of weeds, it is recommended to apply fluchloralin @ 300 gm per acre, in addition to this, spray pendimethalin @ 1.3 ltr per acre in 200 ltr water within 1-2 days of sowing when the soil remains moist. . When the plant reaches 4 inches high, tie it up to prevent it from spreading.
Cost and Earnings in Fenugreek Cultivation
If seed is taken after harvesting once, the average yield is about 6-8 quintals per hectare and if 4-5 harvestings are done, the same yield reduces to about 1 quintals per hectare.
The yield of vegetables or green leaves is about 70-80 quintals per hectare. Tell me that fenugreek leaves are also sold after drying, for which the price is available up to Rs 100 per kg. If fenugreek is cultivated scientifically, then about 2-5 lakh rupees can be earned from one hectare.
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