Cultivation of Lentils: in pulse crops Lentils has an important place. Lentils are widely used in khichdi, dal, pakoras etc. Lentils are rich in protein and vitamins like other pulses. Lentils contain 25 percent protein, 1.3 percent fat, 3.2 percent fiber and 57 percent carbohydrate. low cost Cultivation of lentils Gives more income. The need of water in its cultivation is also very less.
in India cultivation of lentils It is abundant in Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan.
So come on The Rural India in this article of Cultivation of lentils Learn more about improved varieties of lentils.
In this article you will learn
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Required climate for the cultivation of lentils
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soil useful for farming
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How to prepare for farming
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improved varieties of lentils
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Irrigation and Fertilizer Management
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Disease and Pest Management
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Harvesting and Threshing
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Cost and Earnings in Lentil Cultivation
Climate required for cultivation of lentils
Lentil Rabi crop. It is cultivated during the cold season. It is widely cultivated in dry and rainfed areas. It is cultivated immediately after harvesting of paddy and maize. There is more benefit in early cultivation of lentils. Lentil cultivation requires less water. For this, the temperature of 25-25 degree centigrade is favorable.
soil useful for lentil cultivation
Cultivation of lentils Can be done in any type of fertile land. But loam or sandy loam soil is best. The pH value of the soil should be between 4.2 to 8.5 for the cultivation of lentils. It can be cultivated well in black soil, matiar soil and laterite soil with proper drainage system. Farmers should avoid cultivating it in waterlogged fields.
How to prepare for farming
For the preparation of the field, after harvesting of the rainy season crop, plow the soil 2-3 times according to the moisture available in the land and make the soil friable. Immediately after this, level the field by using a trowel. Due to this, moisture remains in the field. Sow the seeds at a uniform depth in flat soil. This improves seed germination.
While preparing the field, mix cow dung manure during the first plowing itself, because of this you will not need much fertilizer later.
improved varieties of lentils
Many advanced varieties of lentils have been developed in our country. For this, according to your area, you can contact the Agriculture Department or Krishi Vigyan Kendra Do contact. There you can get seeds on subsidy.
LL 699, J.L-3, J.L-1, I.P.L 81, L.4594, Mallika, Pant 4076, Sehore 74-3 are the main improved varieties of lentils.
Irrigation and Fertilizer Management
Special irrigation is not required for lentils. But moisture in the soil is necessary for the growth of plants. A light irrigation is beneficial at pod formation or pod formation. Irrigation should be done by sprinkler or flow method (light) according to the need of the land. excessive irrigation Lentil crop (masoor ki phasal) may be damaged. So don’t do much irrigation.
Farmer brothers are always advised that whenever they grow crops, before soil investigation Must do it. This shows the right amount of fertilizer to be given in the crop. It is beneficial to give manure and fertilizers according to the soil test of the field. If well rotten cow dung manure or compost is available, then mix it well in the field at the rate of 5 tonnes/hectare.
In chemical fertilizers, you can give 15-20 kg Nitrogen, 30-40 kg Phosphor and 20 kg per hectare. It is beneficial to use 20 kg of gypsum per hectare or single super phosphate in areas where sulfur is deficient.
Disease and Pest Management
Weeding and weeding of the crop is very necessary to avoid diseases in the lentil crop. According to the availability of weeds in the crop, do weeding after 20-25 days and 40-45 days after sowing by running khurpi or dora.
For chemical control of weeds, mixing pendi-methylene or fluchlorolin 0.75 kg in 500 liters of water and spraying it in one hectare and mixing it in the soil can prevent the outbreak of weeds.
lentil crop There is an outbreak of aphids and thrips and pod borer caterpillars. For pest control, spray monocrotophos (1.5 ml) or quinalphos (1 ml) per liter of water.
Other than this Lentil crop (masoor ki phasal) I am more likely to get dry and gray. For this, before sowing, do seed treatment with Thiram 3 gm or Thiram 1.5 gm + Bavistin 1.5 gm per kg of seed. Dithane M-45, dissolved in 2.5 grams per liter of water, can be sprayed in the standing crop for the control of gerua disease.
Harvesting and Threshing
Harvesting should be done when the pods of the crop are dry and turn yellow. Lentil seeds may fall in the field due to over ripening. So harvest it in time. After this, dry it in the threshing floor and thresh it. After this, dry the seeds thoroughly and store them in gunny bags or drums.
Cost and Earnings in Lentil Cultivation
in one hectare Cultivation of lentils 20-25 quintals of lentils are produced from it. If you take proper care of lentils and manage irrigation and fertilizers, then farmers can get more yield than this. One hectare of land costs about 1 lakh, due to which the farmer brothers get a net profit of 3-5 lakh rupees. If farmers make and sell its pulses or flour themselves, then this profit increases even more.
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