bajra farming, Many people understand the meaning of bread only bread made of wheat flour. But do you know what? Better than wheat bread millet bread it occurs. It is mostly cultivated in India. Its breads give strength to people. Removes the problem related to digestion of stomach. Millet It is sold costlier than wheat. if a farmer Farming of millet If they want to earn profit from it, then they will be benefited a lot.
so come on The Rural India in this article of Farming of millet know closely.
In this article you will learn
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Climate suitable for millet crop
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soil for millet cultivation
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field preparation
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Seeds and Sowing Time
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improved varieties of millets
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Irrigation and Fertilizer Management Information
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Pest and disease management in millet
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How to adopt crop rotation for more production
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Cost and earning in millet farming
Climate suitable for millet crop
Summer season is suitable for millet farming. Its yield is more in the area of less rainfall. Its cultivation should be avoided in areas with high rainfall. It gives good yield in the places where the average rainfall is 40-60 cm. If it rains continuously, there is no need for irrigation. Temperature 32 to 37 Celsius is good for this cultivation.
Farming of millet In our country, it is maximum in Rajasthan, Gujarat and Western Uttar Pradesh. Apart from this, its cultivation is also done in other states like Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra.
soil for millet cultivation
Millet farming is done in almost all types of soil, but sandy loam soil is most suitable. Its cultivation is not suitable in waterlogged land. If the water remains stagnant for a long time, the plants get diseases due to which the crops get ruined. And also has a bad effect on the yield.
Field preparation for millet
kharif season Farming of millet is suitable for. For this, plow the field in summer itself and remove weeds from it. In the first ploughing, mix 2-3 tonnes of cow dung manure per hectare in the soil. For good yield of Bajra, plow once with soil turning plough. After this plow again two to three times. Sow the fields after two to three ploughings. The place where you are going to do farming. If the area is affected by termites and weeds, apply Phosphorus at the rate of 25 kg per hectare before the last ploughing.
Seeds and Sowing Time
In areas where rainfall is scanty, sowing should be done as soon as the monsoon starts. If you want to do millet farming in North India, then the first week of July is good for this farming. Sowing in late July results in crop loss of 40 to 50 kg per hectare. Use 5 kg per hectare seed in sowing.
Keep in mind that sow the seeds at a distance of 40 to 50 cm. Sow the seeds in a row. After 10 to 15 days, if the plants have become dense, then prune them. If the rainy season comes late and if you have not been able to sow on time, then in such a situation it is better to transplant than to sow. Nursery should be prepared in the first week of July using 2 to 3 kg seed in about 500 square meter area for planting saplings in 1 hectare area.
It is also very important to take care of the crops for good yield. For which add 1 to 15 kg of urea, after about 2 to 3 weeks the plants should be transplanted in the main field. When uprooting the plants from the beds, take care not to damage the roots. Apart from this, it is also necessary to have sufficient moisture in the nursery.
improved varieties of millets
For good yield, it is important that you choose progressive varieties of millet only.
In improved varieties of millet, I.C. M.B. 155, W.C.C.75, I.C. TB8203 and Raj-171 are the main ones.
While hybrids include Pusa-322, Pusa 23 and ICM H.441, Pioneer Millet Seed 86M 88 and 86M 84, Bayer-9444 Hybrid Millet.
Irrigation and Fertilizer Management
irrigation
Bajra ki kheti does not require much irrigation. If there is no rain, do irrigation at an interval of 10-15 days. Keep in mind that the amount of moisture in the field should not decrease when the plants are in flower and when grains are forming. If there is a problem of water logging, make proper arrangements for drainage.
fertilizer
Use the following fertilizers in irrigated area.
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Nitrogen 80 kg per hectare
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Phosphorus 40 kg per hectare
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Potash 40 kg per hectare
Use the following fertilizers in rainfed areas
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Nitrogen 60 kg per hectare
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Phosphorus 30 kg per hectare
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Potash 30 kg per hectare
Apart from this, if there is zinc deficiency in irrigated or non-irrigated areas, then use zinc at the rate of 5 kg per hectare.
Pests and diseases of millet and its management
Termite
To avoid termites, spray chloropyriphos at the rate of 2 kg per hectare in the roots of the plants, apart from this, mix it in the soil during light rain and scatter it.
stem fly moth
These flies prevent plants from growing. As soon as the plants start growing, they are cut. Due to which the plants dry up. To avoid this, at the rate of per hectare, phorate or 25 kg per hectare or 25 kg per hectare malathion should be put in the field.
white braided
Such insects ruin the crop by cutting the roots of the plants. To avoid this, furadon 3% or phorate 10% should be added to the soil at the time of sowing.
disease management
soft hairy
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Bajra plants get many types of diseases such as soft hairy ashita Always use certified seeds to avoid them.
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Sow by treating the seeds with Ridomil MZ 72 or Thyme at the rate of 3 kg per hectare before sowing.
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Uproot the diseased plant from the field and burn it as soon as possible.
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By adopting crop rotation, this crop can be saved from the mild Roman ashita disease and this disease can be eradicated.
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Foliar spray of dithane Z 78 at the rate of 0.2 percent or copper oxychloride at the rate of 0.35 percent in the standing crop. If necessary, spray again after 10 to 15 days.
ergot
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To avoid this disease, sow the crop at the right time.
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Use certified seed only. Remove plants that are damaged.
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To prevent this disease, the seeds should be separated by putting them in 10 percent salt solution. After that wash and clean the seeds, dry them and sow them.
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Sow the seeds after treating them with Bavistin at the rate of 2 gm per kg of seed.
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Spray Bavistin 0.1 percent or Ziram 0.1 percent 2 to 3 times to prevent disease in standing crop.
Adopt crop rotation for more production
Good yield can happen only if farming is done in the right way and use the right elements. The following one-year crop rotations should be adopted for Bajra to increase the yield potential of cultivation and to get good yield. like-
Cost and Earnings in Millet Farming
There is no need to invest a lot of money for millet farming. Its cultivation is done very cheaply. Because it is very expensive. So obviously, farmers can make good money out of it.
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