Chane Farming: in our country india Chana (gram) It is a pulse crop. Pulses mean- leguminous crop, Pulse crops are the biggest source of protein in our country. This is the reason why in India Cultivation of gram is given more importance.
A Look at Chana Ki Kheti
India is the largest producer of gram in the world. In India, gram is grown as a rabi crop. Since in India Gram crop (chane ki fasal) It is very useful, so it is necessary to pay attention to pest and disease control while weed control and irrigation in the crop. If all these works are not done on time, there is a huge reduction in the production of the crop.
in this blog Cultivation of gram There has been a detailed discussion on and it has been pointed out that Gram farming How to do
So let’s first know Climate required for gram
Climate and temperature for chickpea cultivation
Gram is an important pulse crop of rabi season. The farmer recognizes it as a cash crop. Chickpea grows well in good moisture conditions with ideal temperature between 24°C and 30°C. Gram is cultivated under both irrigation and rainfed conditions. Basically this crop is a winter season crop. Chickpea is a self-pollinated crop and is generally grown as a rainfed cool season crop or as a dry climate crop in semi-arid regions. It is harmful to rain after flowering in the crop because due to rain, flower pollen sticks to each other, due to which seeds are not formed, so the maximum daily temperature for the crop is necessary to be between 18 to 29 ° C.
Soil suitable for gram cultivation
Gram crop (chane ki fasal) It requires fertile soil with good drainage system. This crop is grown in medium heavy soil, black cotton soil and sandy loam soil. Black soil is formed by volcanic and weathering of rocks and is also called cotton soil.
This type of soil contains good amount of lime, iron, magnesium and potash which are very useful elements in gram cultivation. On the other hand, loamy soil is also called alluvial soil, which is brought by the rivers, but in this type of soil, the amount of nitrogen and potash is found less, while the amount of phosphorus is very high, and in this soil too, the growth of gram crop is low. Good production can be done. soil pH 6.0 to 7.0 Should be Chickpea cultivation prefers soil with good residual moisture.
gram cultivation time
Cultivation of gram The most suitable time for sowing is between 15 October to 15 November. After this, the production decreases after sowing. For irrigated conditions, desi and kabuli chana varieties should be sown from 25 October to 10 November. It is important to sow at the right time because early sowing increases the risk of unnecessary growth. Back seeding increases the risk of plant diseases, poor plant growth and poor root development.
How to cultivate gram
Chickpea is highly sensitive to soil. It is not cultivated on heavy soils and requires special care in seed preparation. Gram requires a rough seed. Do deep plowing during monsoon as this will help in conserving large amount of rain water in the soil level for subsequent use of this crop. A bed with very fine and dense seed is not good for gram but it requires a loose and well aerated seedbed.
improved varieties of gram
There are two different types of chickpeas grown around the world.
Desi gram has a colorful and thick seed coat. The color of Desi gram seeds is brown, yellow, green or black.
Kabuli type of gram is white in color and round in shape. The seed coat is thin with a smooth surface. The seed size of the Kabuli type is generally larger and fetches higher market value than the desi type.
Irrigation and Fertilizer Management
Gram is mostly sown as a rainfed crop. However, where irrigation facilities are available, apply irrigation before sowing. This will ensure proper germination and smooth crop-growth. If there is no winter rainfall, apply one irrigation at pre-bloom stage and one at pod development stage. In case of poor soil, this crop requires well rotten farmyard manure and organic fertilizers like urea, phosphorous. These manures and fertilizers should be applied before sowing the seeds.
Cost and earning in gram cultivation
in one acre Cultivation of gram On an average, the farmer has to spend Rs 11,250. By cultivating gram in one acre, the farmer can get an average yield of about 8 quintals.
When a farmer sells his produce in the market, he gets Rs.3,325 per quintal. So in total he can get Rs.26,600 for 8 quintals of gram. The farmer will get an income of about Rs 15,350 by cultivating gram in one acre. Net income may fluctuate slightly depending on various factors.
Expert advice on gram cultivation
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Question- In which month gram is planted?
Answer- Gram is a rabi crop. Sowing of gram is done in the month of September to October.
Question- How much gram should be sown in 1 acre?
Answer- 20 to 25 kg of gram is sown in one acre.
Question- What to do for good yield of gram?
Answer- Along with the selection of improved varieties for good yield of gram, do irrigation management and fertilizer management at the right time.
Question- Which fertilizer should be applied in gram?
Answer- In gram cultivation, use cow dung or compost at the time of first plowing before sowing. After this you can add DAP fertilizer as required.
Question- When should the first water be given to the gram crop?
Answer- First irrigation should be done in gram crop after 20 to 25 days.
Question- How many quintals of gram are there in one bigha?
Answer- 4 to 5 quintals of gram is produced in one bigha. However, this production depends on the variety of gram, proper care, irrigation and fertilizer management.
Question- In how many days the gram is ready?
Answer- Gram is ready in 110 to 125 days.
Question- In how many days flower comes in gram?
Answer- Flowering in gram comes in 45 to 60 days.
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