Farming of Soybean: Soybean It is the main crop of India. India ranks fourth in soybean production in the world. Soybean There is such a crop, which contains protein content. Soybean is called yellow gold. Apart from protein, it is also rich in minerals, vitamin B complex and vitamin A. That’s why people from common people to gym goers also prefer soyabean for protein intake.
Soybean Farming There are immense possibilities. If you want to do profitable farming, soybean farming is the best option for you.
So come on The Rural India in this article of Soybean Farming Know in detail, so that it becomes easier for the farmer brothers to cultivate it.
In this article you will learn
1. Climate required for soybean crop
2. Soil suitable for farming
3. Field Preparation
4. Seeds and time of sowing
5. Improved Varieties of Soybean
6. Irrigation and Fertilizer Management
7. Pest and Disease Management in Soybean
8. Soybean harvesting
9. Benefits of Soybean Farming
10. Cost and Earnings in Soybean Cultivation
Required climate for soybean crop
Soybean is a warm climate plant. Its cultivation requires an average temperature of 18°C to 38°C. In India, its crop is done in Kharif season.
soil for soybean cultivation
Loamy and loose soil is best for soybean cultivation. But while doing farming, keep in mind that the crops should not get too much water, otherwise it will have a bad effect on the crops. Make sure to make ridges and ridges while sowing soyabean so that the crops are not harmed.
Field preparation for soybeans
Kharif season is suitable for soybean cultivation. Prepare the field well by plowing 2-3 times in the soybean field before the rains. So that harmful insects are destroyed in the field. In the summer season, put cow dung manure in the field and plow it well.
Seeds and Sowing Time
Soybean sowing starts with the onset of monsoon. if you are in north india Soybean Farming If you are thinking about doing this then the first week of June to July is good for this farming. Sowing rate of 25 to 30 kg seed per acre is good in the field. Seed distance should be 4 to 7 cm. The seeds should be sown in the field to a depth of 2.5 cm to 5 cm. Make sure to treat soybean seeds before sowing.
improved varieties of soybean
J. S-335
The seeds of this variety of soybean are considered best for the farmers. Because these seeds get ready within 95 to 100 days. Disease resistance is more in this variety than others.
Weight- 10 to 13 seeds weighing 100 grams
production capability- 25 to 30 quintals per hectare
JS 93-05
The seeds of this variety of soybean are ready in 90 to 95 days. Semi-finite growth variety in soybeans of this variety, purple flowers. Less cracking pods are found.
Weight- 13 seeds per 100 grams
production capability- 20 to 25 quintals per hectare
NRC-86
The seeds of this variety get ready in 90 to 95 days. The flower of this variety of soybean is white and its navel is hairy. In this variety, there is less possibility of stem-fly pest.
Weight- 100 grams of 13 seeds
production capability- 20 to 25 quintals per hectare
NRC-12
This variety gets ready within 90 to 95 days. This variety has high tolerance to girdle beetle and stem-fly. The chances of getting yellow mosaic disease are very less in this variety.
Weight- 100 grams of 13 seeds
production capability- 20 to 25 quintals per hectare
J. s. 95-60
This variety gets ready within 80 to 85 days.
Weight – 100 grams of 13 seeds
production capability- 20 to 25 quintals per hectare
NRC-7
This variety gets ready in 90 to 95 days.
Weight- 100 grams of 13 seeds
production capability- 20 to 25 quintals per hectare.
JS 20-29
This variety is considered resistant to flower brinjal, yellow grain, yellow virus disease, charcoal rot, bacterial pest. This variety gets ready by ripening in 90 to 95 days.
Weight- 100 grams of 13 seeds
production capability- 20 to 25 quintals per hectare
Irrigation and Fertilizer Management
soybean cultivation Irrigation is required. Do 5-6 irrigations at an interval of 12 to 15 days in soybean cultivation. If there is no moisture in the field, the yield is not good.
Add 10 to 15 kg of Nitrogen fertilizers per hectare. Phosphorus can be applied at 32 kg per hectare and Potash at 15 kg per hectare. Apply it in the field only when there is deficiency of potash and phosphorus in the soil.
Pesticides for Soybean
Special attention is required in soybean cultivation. Because many types of insects get in its crop. Which spoils the crop soon.
By the way, two types of diseases are mostly seen in soybean cultivation.
1. Leaf spot disease
2. Yellow mosaic disease
leaf spot disease
This disease appears on the leaves and stem of soybean with light red, brown color. Which causes the leaves to break prematurely. To prevent this, spray 0.05% solution of carbendazim or thiophenate methyl in the field on 30 days of sowing and then spray it again after 15 days.
yellow mosaic disease
This disease can be called a virus disease. Which spreads very fast. In this, the fly lays eggs on the stem of the plant and produces a caterpillar in it. Which destroys the xylem from inside. Due to which the crop starts turning yellow and soon the crop gets destroyed. To prevent this, first of all, uproot the plant in which it appears infected with this disease and suppress it somewhere far away and then spray Imidacloprid, Lambda Cyhalothrin on the entire crop.
soybean harvesting
Soybean crop gets ready after ripening within 90-100 days. When the leaves of soybean dry up and fall off and the pods dry up. So, harvest soybeans at this time only. After harvesting, let it dry in the sun and then collect it and get it threshing.
Benefits of soybean farming
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Soybean Farming It is very easy to do compared to other farming. It requires less effort.
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Due to its high price in the market, more profit is obtained.
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Its best advantage is that you can store it for a long time. It never goes bad.
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Consuming soybeans in a limited quantity does not cause heart related diseases. Doctors also recommend to consume it.
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By consuming soybean, you can get rid of mental illness.
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You can also use the soybean crop to make a variety of products. Such as edible oil, soybean, soy flour etc.
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The price of soybean is always high in the market.
Cost and Earnings in Soybean Cultivation
Soybean Farming In this, farmers get more profit with less cost. Its cultivation costs 30-40 thousand rupees per hectare. Talking about earning, farmers get a net profit of 80 thousand to 1 lakh rupees per hectare.
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